首頁(yè) 資訊 低出生體重和早產(chǎn)兒?可能是大氣污染惹的禍!

低出生體重和早產(chǎn)兒?可能是大氣污染惹的禍!

來(lái)源:泰然健康網(wǎng) 時(shí)間:2024年11月23日 23:42
低出生體重和早產(chǎn)兒?可能是大氣污染惹的禍!| BMC Public Health

論文標(biāo)題:The association between air pollution and preterm birth and low birth weight in Guangdong, China

期刊:BMC Public Health

作者:Ying Liu?, Jihong Xu?, Dian Chen, Pei Sun and Xu Ma

發(fā)表時(shí)間:2019/01/03

數(shù)字識(shí)別碼:10.1186/s12889-018-6307-7

原文鏈接:https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-018-6307-7?utm_source=other&utm_

medium=other&utm_content=null&utm_campaign=BSCN_2_DD_BMCPublicHealth_Arti_Scinet

微信鏈接:https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/VSw1M_x1p3Obipd6Ql8CRA

人們的身心健康會(huì)受到各種空氣污染的影響。最近,越來(lái)越多的研究表明,孕婦暴露在污染空氣中與早產(chǎn)、低出生體重和死亡率等不良妊娠結(jié)局之間存在著潛在關(guān)聯(lián)。近日,來(lái)自中國(guó)的研究者Ying 等人在BMC Public Health上發(fā)表了一篇題為“The association between air pollution and preterm birth and low birth weight in Guangdong, China”的文章,詳細(xì)揭示了其中的關(guān)聯(lián)性。

在中國(guó),近年來(lái)城鄉(xiāng)空氣質(zhì)量正在逐漸惡化。中國(guó)政府十分重視環(huán)境保護(hù)問題,例如2016年中國(guó)環(huán)境保護(hù)部實(shí)施的“國(guó)家環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”中新增了PM和臭氧(O3)的平均濃度限值,以及政府還調(diào)整了PM和NO2的濃度極限。來(lái)自國(guó)家監(jiān)測(cè)中心的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,PM10,PM2.5和SO2的年平均濃度有所下降,而NO2和O3的污染水平有所增加。另外值得注意的是,O3的濃度在逐年增加,O3污染正逐漸取代PM2.5成為中國(guó)主要城市的主要空氣污染物。而之前的研究關(guān)注點(diǎn)更多的在PM,很少有研究關(guān)注到O3與低出生體重之間的關(guān)系。因此,中國(guó)科學(xué)院大學(xué)的Ying Liu等人在BMC Public Health上最新發(fā)表的文章便將研究重點(diǎn)放在了廣東省的大氣污染物(PM2.5,PM10,SO2,NO2,CO,O3)與早產(chǎn)/低出生體重之間的關(guān)系上。

研究人員收集了來(lái)自國(guó)家免費(fèi)孕前檢查系統(tǒng)(NFPC)從2014年1月1日至2015年12月31日的所有孕產(chǎn)婦數(shù)據(jù)和出生數(shù)據(jù),其中包括孕產(chǎn)婦人口統(tǒng)計(jì)信息(例如母親年齡、教育程度、職業(yè)、登記的住所、懷孕時(shí)間和孕齡)以及妊娠結(jié)局(例如早產(chǎn)兒體重和低出生體重)和嬰兒信息(例如嬰兒性別,出生體重,分娩時(shí)間和胎次)。研究者將1784名早產(chǎn)(n=687)或低出生體重(n=1097)婦女設(shè)置為實(shí)驗(yàn)組,對(duì)照組為1766名有健康出生信息的婦女,并采用logistic回歸模型倆評(píng)價(jià)大氣污染物對(duì)早產(chǎn)和低出生體重風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的影響。

【注:自2010年以來(lái),NFPC一直得到了中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家衛(wèi)生和計(jì)劃生育委員會(huì)的支持,這是一項(xiàng)針對(duì)希望懷孕的育齡夫婦進(jìn)行的基于人口的健康調(diào)查;廣東省的每日空氣質(zhì)量數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)自中國(guó)國(guó)家環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)中心?!?/p>

Ying Liu等人發(fā)現(xiàn),廣東省PM2.5、PM10、SO2、NO2、CO、O3污染水平均低于全國(guó)大氣污染濃度,并且PM2.5、PM10、SO2、NO2、CO濃度呈明顯的季節(jié)變化趨勢(shì),冬季最高,夏季最低。O3濃度在9月(65.72μg/m3)和10月(84.18μg/m3)相對(duì)較高。

圖2. 空氣污染物的季節(jié)性分布

并且他們研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在控制了母親年齡、教育水平、職業(yè)、注冊(cè)住所、胎齡、嬰兒性別、分娩時(shí)間、受孕月份和產(chǎn)次等混雜因素的影響后,早產(chǎn)與PM2.5,PM10,SO2,NO2和O3之間存在顯著相關(guān)性,尤其是在孕早期和孕晚期。

妊娠早期環(huán)境中PM2.5、PM10每增加10μg/m3,早產(chǎn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)會(huì)隨之增加,在妊娠晚期,環(huán)境中每增加10μg/m3 PM2.5、PM10、SO2、O3也會(huì)伴隨早產(chǎn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的增加。而低出生體重風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的增加與妊娠期第一個(gè)月和最后一個(gè)月時(shí)環(huán)境中PM2.5、PM10、NO2和O3的濃度有關(guān)。此外,他們還發(fā)現(xiàn),9月和10月的O3濃度相對(duì)較高,因此建議孕婦應(yīng)減少或避免在懷孕期間接觸這些空氣污染物尤其是O3,特別是在懷孕的早期和晚期9/10月份。

表1.妊娠暴露于空氣污染與早產(chǎn)/低出生體重的關(guān)系

(OR:比值比,表示疾病與暴露之間關(guān)聯(lián)強(qiáng)度的指標(biāo);95% CI: 95%置信區(qū)間)

同時(shí)研究者表明,他們的研究仍有一定的局限性,比如廣東省各個(gè)城市的監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)數(shù)量不同,可能導(dǎo)致了檢測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的不完整,并且與妊娠不良結(jié)局相關(guān)的其他因素如:社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況、吸煙、海拔等未被考慮入內(nèi)。因此這類研究還值得被進(jìn)一步地改進(jìn)和完善。盡管如此,研究者認(rèn)為孕期暴露與空氣污染物仍然是十分重要的導(dǎo)致妊娠不良的因素,因此他們建議孕婦在懷孕期間應(yīng)盡量減少或避免接觸空氣污染,特別是在懷孕的早期和晚期。同時(shí)建議相關(guān)部門應(yīng)完善孕產(chǎn)婦健康的公共政策和指導(dǎo)方針,從而降低婦女受空氣污染導(dǎo)致早產(chǎn)和新生兒低出生體重的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

摘要:

Background

A mountain of evidence has shown that people’s physical and mental health can be affected by various air pollutions. Poor pregnancy outcomes are associated with exposure to air pollution. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association between air pollutions (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3) and preterm birth/low birth weight in Guangdong province, China.

Method

All maternal data and birth data from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015 were selected from a National Free Pre-pregnancy Check-ups system, and the daily air quality data of Guangdong Province was collected from China National Environmental Monitoring Center. 1784 women with either preterm birth information (n?=?687) or low birth weight information (n?=?1097) were used as experimental group. Control group included 1766 women with healthy birth information. Logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the effects of air pollutants on the risk of preterm birth and low birth weight.

Results

The pollution levels of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 in Guangdong province were all lower than the national air pollution concentrations. The concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2 and CO had obvious seasonal trends with the highest in winter and the lowest in summer. O3 concentrations in September (65.72 μg/m3) and October (84.18 μg/m3) were relatively higher. After controlling for the impact of confounding factors, the increases in the risk of preterm birth were associated with each 10?μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 (OR 1.043, 95% CI 1.01–1.09) and PM10 (OR 1.039, 95% CI 1.01~1.14) during the first trimester and in PM2.5 (OR 1.038, 95% CI 1.01~1.12), PM10 (OR 1.024, 95% CI 1.02~1.09), SO2 (OR 1.081, 95% CI 1.01~1.29), and O3 (OR 1.016, 95% CI 1.004~1.35) during the third trimester. The increase in the risk of low birth weight was associated with PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and O3 in the first month and the last month.

Conclusion

This study provides further evidence for the relationships between air pollutions and preterm birth/low birth weight. Pregnant women are recommended to reduce or avoid exposure to air pollutions during pregnancy, especially in the early and late stages of pregnancy.

閱讀論文全文請(qǐng)?jiān)L問:

https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-018-6307-7?utm_source=other&utm_

medium=other&utm_content=null&utm_campaign=BSCN_2_DD_BMCPublicHealth_Arti_Scinet

期刊介紹:

BMC Public Health(https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/,2.420 - 2-year Impact Factor, 3.039 - 5-year Impact Factor) is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on the epidemiology of disease and the understanding of all aspects of public health. The journal has a special focus on the social determinants of health, the environmental, behavioral, and occupational correlates of health and disease, and the impact of health policies, practices and interventions on the community.

(來(lái)源:科學(xué)網(wǎng))

特別聲明:本文轉(zhuǎn)載僅僅是出于傳播信息的需要,并不意味著代表本網(wǎng)站觀點(diǎn)或證實(shí)其內(nèi)容的真實(shí)性;如其他媒體、網(wǎng)站或個(gè)人從本網(wǎng)站轉(zhuǎn)載使用,須保留本網(wǎng)站注明的“來(lái)源”,并自負(fù)版權(quán)等法律責(zé)任;作者如果不希望被轉(zhuǎn)載或者聯(lián)系轉(zhuǎn)載稿費(fèi)等事宜,請(qǐng)與我們接洽。

相關(guān)知識(shí)

懷孕濕氣重??不良習(xí)慣惹的禍
大氣污染與人體健康
大氣污染對(duì)孕婦的健康有何影響
室內(nèi)空氣污染對(duì)孕婦的危害有多大?
空氣污染如何損害我們的健康
重視產(chǎn)前檢查,降低早產(chǎn)兒出生率
孕婦應(yīng)警惕空氣污染
生殖健康與環(huán)境污染的關(guān)系
羊水污染
[環(huán)境污染]環(huán)境污染與人類健康的關(guān)系

網(wǎng)址: 低出生體重和早產(chǎn)兒?可能是大氣污染惹的禍! http://www.u1s5d6.cn/newsview41936.html

推薦資訊