首頁(yè) 資訊 40名備孕期婦女口腔健康干預(yù)效果觀察

40名備孕期婦女口腔健康干預(yù)效果觀察

來(lái)源:泰然健康網(wǎng) 時(shí)間:2024年12月01日 20:20

摘要:

目的調(diào)查備孕期婦女口腔健康干預(yù)效果。

方法按照納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)選取來(lái)自寧夏醫(yī)科大學(xué)總醫(yī)院生殖醫(yī)學(xué)中心備孕期婦女40名,進(jìn)行一般情況、菌斑臨床評(píng)估及口腔健康教育,評(píng)估備孕期婦女在接受口腔健康干預(yù)前后的口腔健康情況。

結(jié)果在口腔健康狀況調(diào)查,“刷牙出血”“咀嚼食物困難”“牙齒或牙齦對(duì)冷、熱或甜刺激敏感”“因?yàn)檠例X的原因限制所吃食物的種類和數(shù)量”“用藥物緩解口腔的疼痛或不適”5項(xiàng)干預(yù)前后的比較,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(均P<0.001)。在口腔保健行為中,干預(yù)前后“刷牙次數(shù)”“刷牙方式”“飯后漱口”“使用牙線”4項(xiàng)內(nèi)容的比較中,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(均P<0.001),“牙刷更換”差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.467)。在備孕期婦女口腔相關(guān)知識(shí)知曉情況調(diào)查,“牙周病可能致新生兒早產(chǎn)”“牙周病可能致新生兒低體重”“孕前需要口腔檢查”“孕期易患口腔疾病”“孕中期是治療口腔疾病的最佳時(shí)期”5項(xiàng)內(nèi)容干預(yù)前后的比較,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(均P<0.001)。干預(yù)后菌斑指數(shù)為(4.37±0.94)分,低于干預(yù)前的(5.47±1.08)分,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=7.93,P=0.001)。

結(jié)論對(duì)口腔健康干預(yù),提高了備孕期婦女的口腔相關(guān)知識(shí)的知曉程度,在一定程度上也增強(qiáng)了口腔保健水平,可改善備孕期婦女的口腔健康狀況??谇唤】蹈深A(yù)可有效降低備孕期婦女的菌斑水平,提高菌斑清除效率。

Abstract:

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of intervention on oral health of pre-pregnancy women before and after oral health education.

MethodsA total of 40 pre-pregnancy women were selected from the Reproductive Medicine Center of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University according to the inclusion criteria, general conditions, clinical evaluation of plaque and oral health education. Their oral health conditions were evaluated before and after oral health intervention.

ResultsBased on the oral health status survey, there were significant differences between before and after intervention (all P<0.001) in the following five items: “bleeding from brushing teeth”, “difficulty biting or chewing food”, “sensitivity of teeth or gums to cold, hot, or sweet stimuli”, "restriction of the type and amount of food eaten for dental reasons” and “medication for oral pain or discomfort”. There were significant differences between before and after intervention (all P<0.001) in four items of oral health care behavior including “How often do you brush your teeth?”, “How do you brush your teeth?”, “gargle after meals”, and “floss use or not” but showed no significant difference in toothbrush replacement (P=0.467). There were significant differences (all P<0.001) in five items of oral health knowledge including “periodontal disease can lead to premature delivery of newborns”, “periodontal disease can lead to low birth weight of newborns”, “need oral examination before pregnancy”, “pregnancy prone to oral diseases”, “mid-pregnancy is the best period for the treatment of oral diseases”. The oral plaque index before intervention was 5.47±1.08 and reduced to 4.37±0.94 after intervention (t=7.93, P=0.001).

ConclusionThrough education intervention, the oral health status of pre-pregnancy women can be improved. The knowledge of oral health can be improved and the level of oral health care can be enhanced. Oral health intervention can effectively reduce the level of plaque in pre-pregnancy women and improve the efficiency of plaque clearance.

表  1   備孕期婦女口腔健康狀況、口腔健康保健行為和口腔相關(guān)知識(shí)知曉情況問(wèn)卷調(diào)查內(nèi)容

序號(hào)問(wèn)題 1您平時(shí)刷牙出血嗎2您有咬或咀嚼食物困難的癥狀嗎2您的牙齒或牙齦對(duì)冷、熱或甜刺激敏感嗎4您有因?yàn)檠例X的原因限制所吃食物的種類和數(shù)量的情況嗎5您經(jīng)常用藥物緩解口腔的疼痛或不適嗎6您的刷牙次數(shù)7您的刷牙方式8您的牙刷多久更換一次9您有沒(méi)有飯后漱口的習(xí)慣10您有沒(méi)有使用牙線的習(xí)慣11您是否知道牙周病可能致新生兒早產(chǎn)12您是否知道牙周病可能致新生兒低體重13您是否知道孕前需要口腔檢查14您是否知道孕期容易患口腔疾病15您是否知道孕中期是治療口腔疾病的最佳時(shí)期

表  2   40名備孕期婦女口腔健康干預(yù)前后口腔健康狀況的比較[M(P25,P75),分]

口腔健康狀況相關(guān)問(wèn)題干預(yù)前(n=40)干預(yù)后(n=40)Z值P值 刷牙出血3.0(2.0,3.0)2.0(1.0,2.0)-5.083<0.001咬或咀嚼食物困難2.5(1.2,4.0)1.0(1.0,2.0)-4.437<0.001牙齒或牙齦對(duì)冷、熱或甜刺激敏感2.0(1.0,3.0)1.0(1.0,2.0)-3.696<0.001因牙齒原因限制所吃食物的種類和 數(shù)量3.0(2.0,3.0)1.5(1.0,2.0)-5.061<0.001用藥物緩解口腔的疼痛或不適3.5(3.0,4.0)1.0(1.0,2.0)-5.327<0.001

表  3   40名備孕期婦女口腔健康干預(yù)前后口腔健康保健行為的比較

問(wèn)題程度(分類)干預(yù)前(n=40)干預(yù)后(n=40)Z值P值 刷牙次數(shù)1次/d5(12.5)2(5.0)-4.583<0.0012次/d34(85.0)19(47.5)3次/d1(2.5)19(47.5)刷牙方式巴氏刷牙法7(17.5)40(100.0)-5.102<0.001橫刷15(37.5)0(0.0)豎刷12(30.0)0(0.0)轉(zhuǎn)圈刷6(15.0)0(0.0)牙刷更換沒(méi)有規(guī)律6(15.0)0(0.0)-0.7280.4673個(gè)月24(60.0)39(97.5)6個(gè)月10(25.0)1(2.5)飯后漱口沒(méi)有7(17.5)0(0.0)-5.142<0.0012~6次/周9(22.5)0(0.0)1次/d18(45.0)3(7.5)≥2次/d6(15.0)37(92.5)使用牙線沒(méi)有14(35.0)1(2.5)-4.132<0.0012~6次/周8(20.0)9(22.5)1次/d13(32.5)23(57.5)≥2次/d5(12.5)7(17.5) 【注】括號(hào)外為人數(shù),括號(hào)內(nèi)為構(gòu)成比(%)。

表  4   40名備孕期婦女口腔健康干預(yù)前后口腔相關(guān)知識(shí)知曉情況的比較

問(wèn)題分類干預(yù)前(n=40)干預(yù)后(n=40)Z值P值 牙周病可能致新生兒早產(chǎn)是13(32.5)39(97.5)-6.125<0.001否27(67.5)1(2.5)牙周病可能致新生兒低體重是11(27.5)39(97.5)-5.448<0.001否29(72.5)1(2.5)孕前需要口腔檢查是4(10.0)39(97.5)-5.787<0.001否36(90.0)1(2.5)孕期易患口腔疾病是14(35.0)38(95.0)-4.105<0.001否26(65.0)2(5.0)孕中期是治療口腔疾病的最佳時(shí)期是11(27.5)39(97.5)-5.634<0.001否29(72.5)1(2.5) 【注】括號(hào)外為人數(shù),括號(hào)內(nèi)為構(gòu)成比(%)。 [1] 馬莉莉.《健康口腔行動(dòng)方案(2019—2025年)》[C]// 2019年中華口腔醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)口腔預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)委員會(huì)第十九次全國(guó)學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)資料匯編. 蘭州:中華口腔醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì),2019:26- 31. [2]

TAKAHASHI N,NYVAD B. The role of bacteria in the caries process:ecological perspectives[J]. J Dent Res,2011,90(3):294- 303.

[3] 吳敏,劉曼,陳少武. ??漆t(yī)生對(duì)孕期口腔保健的認(rèn)知及實(shí)踐現(xiàn)狀[J]. 國(guó)際口腔醫(yī)學(xué)雜志,2019,46(1):84- 88. [4] 陳琛,程敏,劉彤,等. 妊娠期口腔疾病與治療用藥指導(dǎo)[J]. 中國(guó)婦幼保健,2011,26(17):2706- 2708. [5] 萬(wàn)闊. 孕婦口腔治療規(guī)范與安全保證[J]. 中國(guó)實(shí)用口腔科雜志,2018,11(2):77- 78. [6] 《中國(guó)居民口腔健康行為指南》醫(yī)護(hù)人員手冊(cè)[Z].口腔護(hù)理用品工業(yè),2016,26(5):55-61. [7]

OFFENBACHER S,JARED H L,O’REILLY P G,et al. Potential pathogenic mechanisms of periodontitis associated pregnancy complications[J]. Ann Periodontol,1998,3(1):233- 250.

[8] 陳曉英,覃猇姝,吳賈涵,等. 孕前婦女罹患牙周病與胎兒早產(chǎn)及低體重兒的相關(guān)性研究[J]. 臨床口腔醫(yī)學(xué)雜志,2019,35(8):471- 474. [9] 楊維軍. 牙周炎對(duì)產(chǎn)婦母嬰結(jié)局的影響[J]. 中國(guó)婦幼保健,2014,29(23):3736- 3739. [10]

PISCOYA M D B V,XIMENES R A A,SILVA G M,et al. Maternal periodontitis as a risk factor for prematurity[J]. Pediatr Int,2012,54(1):68- 75.

[11]

JACOB P S,NATH S. Periodontitis among poor rural Indian mothers increases the risk of low birth weight babies:a hospital-based case control study[J]. J Periodontal Implant Sci,2014,44(2):85- 93.

[12]

KANDAN P M,MENAGA V,KUMAR R R R. Oral health in pregnancy(Guidelines to gynaecologists,general physicians& oral health care providers)[J]. J Pak Med Assoc,2011,61(10):1009- 1014.

[13] 邱榮敏,趙瑋. 母親在兒童早期齲發(fā)生中的影響[J]. 國(guó)際口腔醫(yī)學(xué)雜志,2010,37(3):341- 343,347. [14]

TANAKA K,HITSUMOTO S,MIYAK Y,et al. Higher vitamin D intake during pregnancy is associated with reduced risk of dental caries in young Japanese children[J]. Ann Epidemiol,2015,25(8):620- 625.

[15] 劉瓊,錢虹. 牙釉質(zhì)中的蛋白質(zhì)基因與兒童齲病相關(guān)性的研究[J]. 中國(guó)兒童保健雜志,2018,26(8):862- 864. [16]

COSTA E M,DE AZEVEDO J A,MARTINS R F M,et al. Salivary iron(Fe)ion levels,serum markers of anemia and caries activity in pregnant women[J]. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet,2017,39(3):94- 101.

[17]

PHILLIPS M,MASTERSON E,SABBAH W. Association between child caries and maternal health-related behaviours[J]. Community Dent Health,2016,33(2):133- 137.

[18]

TANAKA K,MIYAKE Y,NAGATA C,et al. Association of prenatal exposure to maternal smoking and postnatal exposure to household smoking with dental caries in 3-year-old Japanese children[J]. Environ Res,2015,143:148- 153.

[19]

JU X Q,JAMIESON L M,MEJIA G C. Estimating the effects of maternal education on child dental caries using marginal structural models:the Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Australian Children[J]. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol,2016,44(6):602- 610.

[20]

TANAKA K,MIYAKE Y,SASAKI S,et al. Socioeconomic status and risk of dental caries in Japanese preschool children:the Osaka Maternal and Child Health Study[J]. J Public Health Dent,2013,73(3):217- 223.

[21]

MENON I,NAGARAJAPPA R,RAMESH G,et al. Parental stress as a predictor of early childhood caries among preschool children in India[J]. Int J Paediatr Dent,2013,23(3):160- 165.

[22] 霍蓉蓉. 孕前口腔保健預(yù)防妊娠期齦炎的價(jià)值體會(huì)[J]. 全科口腔醫(yī)學(xué)電子雜志,2018,5(27):17- 18. [23] 郭樂(lè)園,余金蘭,周慶麗,等. 18~35歲女性孕前口腔檢查及妊娠期口腔知識(shí)的調(diào)查分析[J]. 中外女性健康研究,2017(22):4- 5. [24] 屈新軍. 孕前口腔疾病治療的探討[J]. 廣東牙病防治,2002,10(2):124- 125. [25]

BEGZATI A,BYTYCI A,MEQA K,et al. Mothers’ behaviours and knowledge related to caries experience of their children[J]. Oral Health Prev Dent,2014,12(2):133- 140.

[26] 段小紅. 口腔遺傳性疾病系列講座(一):口腔遺傳性疾病的臨床診斷[J]. 中華口腔醫(yī)學(xué)雜志,2015,50(1):50- 52. [27] 關(guān)淑元,周媛,周學(xué)東,等. 孕前口腔保健及遺傳咨詢[J]. 國(guó)際口腔醫(yī)學(xué)雜志,2018,45(3):324- 330. [28] 葛鑫,劉芬,周志斐,等. 妊娠期及非妊娠期婦女口腔健康知識(shí)及行為調(diào)查[J]. 牙體牙髓牙周病學(xué)雜志,2017,27(11):649- 655. [29] 劉明宏,吳迎濤,呂健,等. 尼龍絲牙刷和磨尖絲牙刷菌斑清除效果比較[J]. 青島大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(醫(yī)學(xué)版),2020,56(5):588- 591. [30] 李蕙蘭,梁燕,代蕓潔,等. 電動(dòng)牙刷與手動(dòng)牙刷對(duì)牙菌斑的控制效果[J]. 貴州醫(yī)科大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào),2020,45(1):78- 82. [31] 王興. 第四次全國(guó)口腔健康流行病學(xué)調(diào)查報(bào)告[M]. 北京:人民衛(wèi)生出版社,2018:188- 190. [32] 陳玲. 妊娠婦女孕前口腔檢查的調(diào)查狀況及影響因素分析[J]. 口腔醫(yī)學(xué),2016,36(1):74- 76. [33] 唐紅萍,趙焱,唐蘭萍,等. 育齡期非口腔專業(yè)醫(yī)護(hù)人員口腔保健知識(shí)、態(tài)度、行為調(diào)查[J]. 衛(wèi)生軟科學(xué),2019,33(6):81- 85,97. [34] 孟煥新. 牙周病學(xué)[M]. 5版. 北京:人民衛(wèi)生出版社,2020:113- 114. [35] 中華口腔醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)牙周病學(xué)專業(yè)委員會(huì). 口腔診療中的牙周基本檢查評(píng)估規(guī)范[J]. 中華口腔醫(yī)學(xué)雜志,2021,56(3):238- 243. [36] HAGHIGHI A,SHAFIPOUR V,BAGHERI-NESAMI M,等. 口腔護(hù)理對(duì)危重癥患者口腔健康狀況和呼吸機(jī)相關(guān)性肺炎預(yù)防的影響[J]. 中國(guó)護(hù)理管理,2017,17(3):432. [37] 江靜穎,董海東. 口腔健康教育對(duì)改善孕婦口腔衛(wèi)生狀況的效果評(píng)價(jià)[J]. 中國(guó)婦幼保健,2009,24(2):159- 161. [38] 吳散散,馬帥,沈忠周,等. 孕早期婦女口腔保健行為及影響因素分析[J]. 中華健康管理學(xué)雜志,2019,13(6):504- 509. [39] 江浩,賈培增,張明燦,等. 天津市濱海新區(qū)育齡期女性口腔健康知識(shí)和行為及孕前口腔檢查情況分析[J]. 中國(guó)婦幼保健,2020,35(21):4086- 4088. [40] 成凡平,林煥彩,武玉海. 影響妊娠婦女孕前口腔檢查的多因素綜合分析[J]. 口腔醫(yī)學(xué),2012,32(7):433- 436. [41] 趙海浪,黃雪榕,周凌潔,等. 孕前健康信念模式教育對(duì)婦女口腔保健知信行的影響[J]. 貴州醫(yī)藥,2014,38(11):1049- 1050. [42] 劉蕓,張強(qiáng),孫晉,等. 198名孕婦口腔保健知信行狀況調(diào)查分析[J]. 中國(guó)婦幼衛(wèi)生雜志,2020,11(2):56- 59. [43] 樊明文,邊專. 齲病學(xué)[M]. 北京:人民衛(wèi)生出版社,2003. [44] 凌均棨. 牙菌斑生物膜的研究進(jìn)展[J]. 中華口腔醫(yī)學(xué)研究雜志(電子版),2008,2(2):103- 108. [45]

CLEARY A,DOWLING M. Knowledge and attitudes of mental health professionals in Ireland to the concept of recovery in mental health:a questionnaire survey[J]. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs,2009,16(6):539- 545.

相關(guān)知識(shí)

孕期保健在孕期健康管理及妊娠期并發(fā)癥預(yù)防中應(yīng)用效果觀察
265名文昌市妊娠婦女口腔健康知識(shí)及行為調(diào)查
健康教育模式對(duì)提高兒童口腔保健的效果
孕期口腔有哪些認(rèn)識(shí)誤區(qū)
保持孕期口腔健康的健康管理要點(diǎn)
做好孕前口腔保健,為完美孕期保駕護(hù)航
孕婦的口腔健康影響胎兒健康
兒童口腔保健知識(shí)宣教精選(九篇)
孕產(chǎn)婦的口腔保健您知道嗎?
全國(guó)愛(ài)牙日|健康口腔從孕期開始,全生命周期都要關(guān)注

網(wǎng)址: 40名備孕期婦女口腔健康干預(yù)效果觀察 http://www.u1s5d6.cn/newsview193091.html

推薦資訊