工作中的工作壓力和心理健康之間的關(guān)系【外文翻譯】

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1?

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外文翻譯

原文

The?Relationship?between?Job?Stress?and?Mental?Health?at?Work?

Material?

Source:Industrial?

Health?

1997,?

35,?

29-35?

Author:Jun?

Shigemi,?

Yoshio?

Mino,?

Toshihide?

Tsuda,?

Akira?

Babazono?

and?

Hideyasu?

Aoyama?

Selyel?

defined?

stress?

as?

the?

state?

manifested?

by?

a?

specific?

syndrome?

which?

consists?of?all?the?nonspecifically?induced?changes?within?a?biologic?system.?Using?

an?experimental?study,?he?proved?that?stress?induces?a?common?pathological?change?

which?he?called?"general?adaptation?syndrome."?He?did?not?specify?the?character?of?

stress.?Stress?which?was?comfortable?to?the?individual?and?essential?for?development?

and?growth?was?called?eustress,?while?stress?which?was?unpleasant?or?harmful?to?the?

individual?was?called?distress.?

Holmes?

and?

his?

collaborator?

weighted?

and?

scored?

stressful?

life?

events.?

They?

proved?

that?

severe?

health?

impairment?

is?

likely?

to?

occur?

if?

people?

have?

severe?

stressful?life?events?and?if?the?life?events?score?exceeded?300?points?in?the?previous?

year.?Nevertheless,?it?was?reported?that?there?was?only?a?weak?relationship?between?

the?strength?of?stress?and?the?incidence?of?psychiatric?or?somatic?diseases.?Knowing?

these?

facts,?

researchers?

attempted?

to?

identify?

other?

stress?

factors?

which?

affected?

psychiatric?or?somatic?diseases.?

Lazarus?

and?

his?

collaborators?

reported?

that?

the?

daily?

hassles?

of?

living?

having?

continuous?and?chronic?characteristics?are?a?significant?stress.?These?"daily?hassles"?

appeared?to?

be?better?predictors?of?health?outcomes?than?life?events.?

Recently,?the?

causal?

relationship?

between?

job?

stress?

and?

psychiatric?

illness?

or?

cardiovascular?

disease?

was?

studied.?

The?

job-demand-control-support?

model?

suggests?

that?

psychological?strain?and?subsequent?somatic?diseases?resulted?from?the?interaction?of?

three?types?of?job?characteristics:?job?demand,?job?decision?latitude,?and?work?related?

social?support.?In?Japan,?causal?relationship?between?job?stress?and?mental?health?has?

been?

drawing?

the?

attention?

of?

researchers?

who?

are?

currently?

studying?

job?

stress.?

Therefore,?

the?

study?

of?

job?

stress?

is?

important?

to?

develop?

strategies?

for?

the?

prevention?

of?

stress?

related?

diseases?

and?

for?

health?

promotion.?

However,?

the?

relationship?

between?

job?

stress?

and?

problematic?

mental?

health?

state?

has?

not?

been?

-?

2?

-?

established?in?Japan.?We?hypothesized?that?adverse?effects?of?subjective?job?stress?on?

mental?

health?

state?

is?

great,?

and?

we?

estimated?

that?

some?

types?

of?

prevalence?

odds?

ratios?between?job?stress?and?mental?health?would?be?more?than?two.?The?purpose?of?

this?

study?

is?

to?

clarify?

the?

relationship?

between?

job?

stress?

and?

problematic?

mental?

health?state?quantitatively?using?prevalence?odds?ratios.?

A?

cross-sectional?

study?

was?

performed?

using?

a?

self-administered?

questionnaire?given?to?the?employees?of?an?electric?company?in?Okayama?city,?Japan.?

All?subjects?were?workers?producing?minute?electric?parts.?We?selected?this?company?

because?of?its?different?work?places,?which?allowed?us?to?examine?the?characteristics?

of?workers?more?precisely.?Among?782?workers,?763?responded?to?the?questionnaire?

satisfactorily.?

The?

response?

rate?

was?

97.6%.?

The?

questionnaire?

consisted?

of?

demographic?questions?such?as?gender,?age,?marital?status,?and?employment?section?

as?well?as?questions?taken?from?the?Japanese?version?of?the?30-item?General?Health?

Questionnaire?(GHQ)?,?and?a?questionnaire?about?subjective?job?stress?developed?by?

Uehata?

et?

al.?

We?

added?

questions?

about?

satisfaction?

with?

family?

life?

and?

physical?

health?states.?

We?used?the?30?item?Japanese?version?of?the?GHQ?as?a?measure?of?the?mental?

health?

state.?

A?

cut-off?

score?

of?

718?

points?

using?

GHQ?

method?

was?

considered?

reasonable?in?Kitamura's?study?on?the?validity?of?the?30-item?GHQ.?Therefore,?we?

defined?

response?

showing?

a?

GHQ?

score?

of?

8?

points?

or?

more?

as?

representing?

individuals?with?problematic?mental?health?states,?and?responses?showing?7?points?or?

less?as?representing?individuals?without?any?mental?health?problems.?

We?treated?the?items?of?physical?health?status?and?satisfaction?with?family?life?

as?

categorical?

data.?

We?

weighted?

two?

points?

on?

individuals?

who?

answered?

"very?

healthy"?or?"healthy,"?weighted?one?points?on?individuals?who?answered?"ordinary"?

and?

weighted?

zero?

points?

on?

individuals?

who?

answered?

"not?

healthy?

so?

much"?

or?

"not?

healthy."?

We?

weighted?

two?

points?

on?

individuals?

whose?

answers?

were?

"dissatisfied?

very?

much"?

or?

"dissatisfied"?

and?

weighted?

one?

point?

on?

individuals?

whose?

responses?

indicated?

neither?

satisfied?

nor?

dissatisfied,?

and?

zero?

points?

on?

individuals?

whose?

answers?

were?

"very?

satisfied"?

or?

"satisfied."?

We?

employed?

a?

multiple?

logistic?

regression?

model?

controlling?

for?

potential?

confounding?

factors:?

gender,?age,?marital?status,?satisfaction?with?family?life,?and?physical?health?state.?

In?the?logistic?

regression?model,?we?used?

all?items?

of?subjective?job?

stress?

in?

spite?

of?

the?

high?

value?

of?

the?

alpha?

coefficient,?

because?

we?

thought?

that?

the?

interrelationship?

between?subjective?job?

stress?

and?problematic?mental?

health?state?

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工作壓力與心理健康的關(guān)系研究

工作壓力與心理健康的關(guān)系研究工作是現(xiàn)代人生活中不可缺少的一部分，人們?yōu)榱松詈臀磥淼陌l(fā)展努力工作，但是工作壓力也是一個不可避免的問題。

隨著社會的發(fā)展，工作壓力越來越大，特別是現(xiàn)在的社會競爭激烈，很多人為了求職、晉升、獲得更高的薪資等原因，會承受巨大的工作壓力，因此，心理健康問題也越來越引起人們的關(guān)注。

心理健康問題一直是我們必須面對的問題。

隨著工作壓力和競爭的不斷加劇，心理健康問題成為了引起廣泛關(guān)注的問題。

研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，工作壓力是心理健康問題的主要原因之一，長期的工作壓力會導(dǎo)致許多心理健康問題，如焦慮、抑郁、失眠、壓力過大等。

這些問題不僅會影響個人的身心健康，也會影響到日常工作生活及社交關(guān)系。

那么，工作壓力對心理健康會產(chǎn)生怎樣的影響呢？首先，工作壓力會對身體產(chǎn)生直接的影響。

工作壓力過大會導(dǎo)致身體各個方面的疲勞，例如頭痛、肌肉疼痛、胃痛、失眠等等。

當(dāng)我們處于長期高強度工作壓力的狀態(tài)下，工作壓力和心理健康問題會形成惡性循環(huán)，會進一步削弱我們的身體和精神健康，使我們變得更加脆弱和易受影響。

其次，工作壓力還會對我們的心理產(chǎn)生許多負面影響。

當(dāng)我們承受著長期的工作壓力時，會出現(xiàn)負面思考模式，例如消極、失望、無望等等。

這些負面思考會讓我們感到越來越沮喪，從而對我們的生活和工作產(chǎn)生不良影響。

如果長期處于這種狀態(tài)下，會導(dǎo)致心理問題日積月累，對智力和情感造成負面影響，進而影響到我們的個人生活以及社交關(guān)系。

應(yīng)該如何處理工作壓力和維持好心理健康問題呢？首先，減少工作壓力是最重要的。

我們能夠從職業(yè)規(guī)劃、工作自我管理、時間管理等方面入手，系統(tǒng)地學(xué)習(xí)如何有效地處理工作壓力。

其次，充分休息和鍛煉身體，保持理性的情感狀態(tài)也是維持心理健康的重要方法。

此外，找到與自己交談的人，分享內(nèi)心的感受，能夠更好地理解和支持自己，這也是重要的應(yīng)對方法。

總之，工作壓力對心理健康問題有很大的影響，它不僅可能導(dǎo)致身體疲勞，也會對心理狀態(tài)產(chǎn)生消極影響。

因此，我們應(yīng)該努力克服工作壓力，維持身體與心理的穩(wěn)定，盡力保持一個良好的心理狀態(tài)，從而更好地面對工作、學(xué)習(xí)和生活的挑戰(zhàn)。

工作壓力與心理健康問題的關(guān)聯(lián)研究

工作壓力與心理健康問題的關(guān)聯(lián)研究引言：如今，隨著社會的不斷發(fā)展和競爭的加劇，工作壓力已經(jīng)成為許多人面臨的一種普遍現(xiàn)象。

而與此同時，心理健康問題也日益突出。

因此，探討工作壓力與心理健康之間的關(guān)聯(lián)以及對個體產(chǎn)生的影響具有重要意義。

一、工作壓力對心理健康的影響1.1 壓力源和工作環(huán)境工作壓力往往來自各種不同的源頭，如高強度的工作任務(wù)、缺乏支持性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、時間管理困難等。

這些因素會導(dǎo)致個體在工作中承受更大的壓力，進而影響其心理健康。

1.2 心理健康問題長期承受過大的工作壓力可能會使個體出現(xiàn)一系列心理健康問題。

例如焦慮、抑郁、情緒不穩(wěn)定等。

這些問題不僅影響個體自身的生活質(zhì)量，還會對家庭和社會造成一定程度上的負面影響。

二、研究結(jié)果和證據(jù)2.1 工作壓力與焦慮的關(guān)系許多研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，工作壓力與焦慮密切相關(guān)。

工作環(huán)境中的緊張和競爭往往會使人產(chǎn)生持續(xù)不斷的擔(dān)憂和不安感，導(dǎo)致焦慮情緒的加重。

2.2 工作壓力與抑郁的關(guān)系過大的工作壓力還與抑郁有著顯著聯(lián)系。

長期承受過度壓力的個體容易出現(xiàn)自我認同感降低、自尊心下降等情況，進而引發(fā)抑郁。

2.3 工作滿意度和心理健康研究還表明，工作滿意度與個體的心理健康密切相關(guān)。

對于那些對自己的工作滿意度較高的人來說，他們在面對工作壓力時更容易保持積極樂觀、應(yīng)對良好。

三、緩解工作壓力、促進心理健康的建議3.1 調(diào)整工作態(tài)度具有正確的工作態(tài)度和價值觀是緩解工作壓力、保持心理健康的基礎(chǔ)。

接受挑戰(zhàn)、培養(yǎng)積極心態(tài)，以及保持良好的工作和生活平衡等都有助于減輕壓力。

3.2 增加社會支持社會支持是緩解工作壓力的重要因素之一。

在面對挑戰(zhàn)時，與家人、朋友、同事進行交流和分享可以有效地減輕心理負擔(dān)。

3.3 積極應(yīng)對壓力個體應(yīng)該學(xué)會合理應(yīng)對工作壓力，如通過鍛煉、休息調(diào)整等方式來緩解緊張情緒，并尋求專業(yè)心理咨詢和幫助。

結(jié)論：工作壓力與心理健康問題之間存在著明顯的關(guān)聯(lián)。

長期承受過大的工作壓力可能導(dǎo)致焦慮、抑郁等心理健康問題。

工作壓力與心理健康狀況的相關(guān)性研究

工作壓力與心理健康狀況的相關(guān)性研究概述：在現(xiàn)代社會，工作壓力已經(jīng)成為了許多人面臨的常態(tài)。

隨著工作壓力的增加，人們的心理健康狀況也受到了影響。

本文旨在探討工作壓力與心理健康狀況之間的相關(guān)性，并提供一些可能的解決方案。

一、工作壓力對心理健康的影響工作壓力是指在工作環(huán)境中所承受的各種心理和生理上的壓力。

長期承受高強度的工作壓力可能導(dǎo)致心理健康問題的出現(xiàn)，如焦慮、抑郁和情緒失控等。

此外，工作壓力還可能引發(fā)身體上的疾病，如高血壓和心臟病等。

因此，了解工作壓力對心理健康的影響非常重要。

二、工作壓力與心理健康之間的關(guān)聯(lián)研究表明，工作壓力與心理健康之間存在明顯的關(guān)聯(lián)。

高強度的工作壓力會增加個體的心理負擔(dān)，使其難以應(yīng)對工作和生活的壓力。

長期以來，許多研究都發(fā)現(xiàn)，工作壓力與焦慮和抑郁等心理健康問題之間存在正相關(guān)。

此外，工作壓力還與睡眠質(zhì)量下降、自尊心降低以及人際關(guān)系緊張等問題相關(guān)。

因此，降低工作壓力對于維護心理健康至關(guān)重要。

三、緩解工作壓力的方法1. 尋找工作與生活的平衡：合理安排工作和休息時間，保證充足的睡眠和休息，以緩解工作壓力。

2. 建立良好的人際關(guān)系：與同事和家人保持良好的溝通和合作，能夠提供情感支持和減輕工作壓力。

3. 學(xué)會放松和調(diào)節(jié)情緒：通過參加運動、練習(xí)冥想和深呼吸等活動，可以幫助釋放緊張情緒，緩解工作壓力。

4. 尋求專業(yè)幫助：如果工作壓力長期無法緩解，可以考慮咨詢心理學(xué)專家，尋求專業(yè)的幫助和支持。

結(jié)論：工作壓力與心理健康狀況之間存在明顯的相關(guān)性。

了解和緩解工作壓力對于個體的心理健康至關(guān)重要。

通過尋找工作與生活的平衡、建立良好的人際關(guān)系、學(xué)會放松和調(diào)節(jié)情緒以及尋求專業(yè)幫助等方法，可以有效地減輕工作壓力，提升心理健康水平。

在未來的研究中，我們還可以進一步探索工作壓力對心理健康的具體機制，以及制定更加個性化的干預(yù)措施，為人們提供更好的心理健康支持。

健康心理學(xué)外文文獻翻譯

Collaborative Relationships: School Counselors andNon-School Mental Health Professionals WorkingTogether to Improve the Mental Health Needs ofStudents淺議基于合作關(guān)系的學(xué)校輔導(dǎo)員和非學(xué)校的心理健康專家對學(xué)生心理健康需要的改善作用Chris Brown, Ph.D.David T. DahlbeckLynette Sparkman Barnes摘要：本研究調(diào)查了53名受聘于各初中、高中的輔導(dǎo)員和管理員關(guān)于他們對校內(nèi)與校外心理健康專家協(xié)同工作來回應(yīng)學(xué)生的心理健康需求的看法。

除此之外，本研究還試圖了解學(xué)校輔導(dǎo)員和學(xué)校校長或副校長是如何看待學(xué)校輔導(dǎo)員的角色、職責(zé)以及對學(xué)校輔導(dǎo)員培訓(xùn)的范圍。

正文：為了努力提供一系列廣泛的服務(wù)來幫助學(xué)生處理他們帶進課堂的社交及情緒問題，學(xué)校和社會心理健康機構(gòu)已經(jīng)開始實施合作伙伴關(guān)系(Walsh & Galassi, 2002)。

沃爾什和加拉西斷言，如果我們想要成功的使結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的校內(nèi)和校外兒童生活產(chǎn)生交叉，我們就必須以整個兒童的發(fā)展為重點。

這樣做將需要“跨越專業(yè)和機構(gòu)界限的合作”。

體現(xiàn)著學(xué)校與社區(qū)心理健康機構(gòu)建立伙伴關(guān)系的擴展的學(xué)校心理健康計劃在美國有不斷發(fā)展的傾向。

在這些計劃中，學(xué)校聘請的心理健康專業(yè)人員在強調(diào)有效地預(yù)防、評估和干預(yù)方面提供了無數(shù)的服務(wù)(Weist, Lowie, Flaherty, & Pruitt, 2001)。

這項合作活動是為了減輕教育系統(tǒng)的負擔(dān)和責(zé)任，同時提高了服務(wù)的零散和不完整傳遞給適齡兒童和青年。

研究表明，在申請心理健康服務(wù)的年輕人中只有不到三分之一的人得到了他們所需要的關(guān)心（美國衛(wèi)生與人類服務(wù)部，1999）。

考慮到提高兒童與青少年心理健康的多系統(tǒng)協(xié)作的重要性和認可度，這些合作伙伴關(guān)系的知覺功效就是這項調(diào)查議程的驅(qū)動力。

心理健康與工作壓力的關(guān)系研究

心理健康與工作壓力的關(guān)系研究在現(xiàn)代社會，工作壓力成為了許多人面臨的常態(tài)。

人們常常被要求在快節(jié)奏的工作環(huán)境中追求更高的產(chǎn)出和更好的表現(xiàn)，這對心理健康產(chǎn)生了一定的影響。

本文將探討心理健康與工作壓力之間的關(guān)系，并提供一些應(yīng)對工作壓力的方法。

一、工作壓力對心理健康的影響工作壓力對心理健康產(chǎn)生了廣泛的影響。

首先，持續(xù)的工作壓力會導(dǎo)致焦慮和緊張。

當(dāng)人們在工作中感到壓力過大時，常常會面臨與工作相關(guān)的憂慮和恐懼，這些情緒會加劇他們的緊張感，從而對心理健康產(chǎn)生負面影響。

其次，工作壓力也容易引發(fā)抑郁。

長期承受來自工作的壓力會導(dǎo)致個體情緒低落、心情沮喪，進而可能發(fā)展為抑郁癥。

抑郁癥對個體的日常生活和工作能力造成了嚴重的負面影響，甚至可能導(dǎo)致個體產(chǎn)生自殺念頭。

此外，工作壓力還會對個體的身體健康造成傷害。

一些研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，持續(xù)的工作壓力與患心臟病、高血壓等疾病之間存在一定的關(guān)聯(lián)。

工作壓力會導(dǎo)致心臟負荷加重、免疫力下降等生理反應(yīng)，從而增加了患病的風(fēng)險。

二、應(yīng)對工作壓力的方法雖然工作壓力會對心理健康產(chǎn)生負面影響，但我們可以采取一些方法來應(yīng)對這種壓力，保護自己的心理健康。

首先，建立積極的心態(tài)是應(yīng)對工作壓力的關(guān)鍵。

我們要對工作保持一種積極樂觀的態(tài)度，如將工作看作是個人發(fā)展的機會，將挑戰(zhàn)視為改善自己的機會，這樣有助于緩解工作壓力對心理健康的負面影響。

其次，合理安排工作和生活的平衡也是重要的。

我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會分配時間和精力，兼顧工作和生活的需求。

定期休息、參加娛樂活動、與家人朋友交流等都是保持身心愉悅的幫助。

此外，積極尋求支持也是緩解工作壓力的重要途徑之一。

與同事、家人或朋友進行交流，分享自己的困擾和壓力，不僅能獲得理解和鼓勵，還可以得到一些建設(shè)性的建議和幫助。

最后，培養(yǎng)良好的心理調(diào)適能力也是應(yīng)對工作壓力的重要手段。

我們可以通過運動、冥想、放松訓(xùn)練等方式來調(diào)整自己的心態(tài)，緩解工作壓力帶來的負面影響。

總結(jié)：心理健康與工作壓力存在密切的關(guān)系。

持續(xù)的工作壓力會對個體的心理健康產(chǎn)生負面影響，包括焦慮、抑郁和身體健康問題。

心理健康與工作壓力

心理健康與工作壓力工作壓力是現(xiàn)代社會中普遍存在的現(xiàn)象，每個人都無法完全避免。

然而，良好的心理健康是我們在面對工作壓力時所必需的。

本文將探討心理健康與工作壓力之間的關(guān)系，并提供一些應(yīng)對工作壓力的方法。

一、心理健康對工作壓力的影響心理健康是指個體心理狀態(tài)的良好程度，包括情緒穩(wěn)定、適應(yīng)力強、自我認知清晰等方面。

心理健康狀況對工作壓力有著直接的影響。

一個心理健康良好的人，能更好地應(yīng)對工作壓力，保持積極的態(tài)度和高效的工作狀態(tài)。

相反，心理不健康的人可能會因為工作壓力而產(chǎn)生焦慮、抑郁等負面情緒，甚至可能導(dǎo)致心理疾病的出現(xiàn)。

二、應(yīng)對工作壓力的方法1. 建立良好的工作與生活平衡工作和生活之間的平衡對于維持心理健康起著重要作用。

我們應(yīng)確保在工作之余有足夠的時間去放松自己，參與一些喜歡的愛好活動，和家人朋友進行溝通交流。

只有將工作與生活分開，才能更好地緩解工作壓力。

2. 學(xué)會有效的時間管理時間管理是有效應(yīng)對工作壓力的關(guān)鍵。

制定合理的工作計劃，并設(shè)定明確的目標和時間表，激勵自己按計劃完成任務(wù)。

避免臨時抱佛腳、過度加班等不科學(xué)的工作方式，保證自己有足夠的時間去休息和放松，提高工作效率。

3. 培養(yǎng)健康的生活習(xí)慣養(yǎng)成健康的生活習(xí)慣對心理健康至關(guān)重要。

保持充足的睡眠和均衡的飲食，適當(dāng)參加體育鍛煉，都能增強身體素質(zhì)和抵抗力，幫助我們更好地應(yīng)對工作壓力。

4. 溝通與協(xié)調(diào)與同事和上級進行積極的溝通與協(xié)調(diào)，能夠促進工作的順利開展，減輕個人的工作壓力。

通過與他人分享和借鑒經(jīng)驗，我們可以更好地解決工作中遇到的問題，提高工作效率。

5. 學(xué)會放松適當(dāng)?shù)姆潘蓪τ谛睦斫】档木S護至關(guān)重要。

我們可以通過多種方式來放松自己，如聽音樂、看電影、閱讀等，讓大腦得到休息和放松，恢復(fù)精力，更好地應(yīng)對工作的挑戰(zhàn)。

結(jié)論心理健康與工作壓力之間存在密切的關(guān)系。

一個良好的心理健康狀況能夠幫助我們更好地應(yīng)對工作壓力，提高工作效率。

因此，我們應(yīng)該重視心理健康的培養(yǎng)和維護，采取積極的方法來應(yīng)對工作壓力，保持良好的心理狀態(tài)。

工作壓力與心理健康

工作壓力與心理健康近年來，隨著社會經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展和競爭的加劇，越來越多的人在工作中面臨著巨大的壓力。

工作壓力不僅會影響到人們的身體健康，還會對心理健康產(chǎn)生重要影響。

在這篇文章中，我們將探討工作壓力與心理健康之間的關(guān)系，并提出一些有助于緩解工作壓力的方法。

一、工作壓力對心理健康的影響工作壓力不僅僅是一種來自工作量的壓力，還包括來自工作環(huán)境、上級要求、職業(yè)發(fā)展等方面的心理壓力。

長期承受高強度的工作壓力會導(dǎo)致心理健康問題的產(chǎn)生，如抑郁、焦慮、失眠等。

一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，80%的工作人群存在因工作壓力引起的不同程度的心理問題。

工作壓力對心理健康的影響有以下幾個方面：1.情緒波動：工作壓力會導(dǎo)致情緒波動，使人容易疲勞、煩躁、易怒甚至抑郁。

這些情緒問題會進一步影響到人的工作效率和工作質(zhì)量。

2.身心疲憊：長時間承受高強度的工作壓力會導(dǎo)致身心疲憊，使人感到疲憊不堪，精力不集中，影響到工作效果。

3.人際關(guān)系緊張：工作壓力還會對人際關(guān)系產(chǎn)生負面影響。

在高壓力的工作環(huán)境中，人們常常因為競爭、沖突等問題而與同事關(guān)系緊張，甚至?xí)霈F(xiàn)人際交往障礙。

4.生活質(zhì)量下降：工作壓力過大會使人無法平衡工作和生活，長期下去，生活質(zhì)量會下降，甚至?xí)霈F(xiàn)身體健康問題。

二、緩解工作壓力的方法面對工作壓力對心理健康的影響，我們可以采取一些有效的辦法來緩解壓力，維護心理健康。

1.合理規(guī)劃工作：合理規(guī)劃工作內(nèi)容和時間，制定工作計劃，合理安排工作任務(wù)，避免任務(wù)過于集中和超負荷工作。

2.調(diào)整心態(tài)：積極調(diào)整自己的心態(tài)，學(xué)會面對工作壓力和挑戰(zhàn)，培養(yǎng)良好的心理素質(zhì)。

可以通過學(xué)習(xí)心理疏導(dǎo)技巧，提高心理抗壓能力。

3.規(guī)律作息：保持規(guī)律的作息時間，足夠的睡眠可以幫助身心恢復(fù)，提高工作效率。

4.適量運動：適量的身體運動可以釋放壓力，有助于心情舒暢和身心健康。

5.尋找支持：在工作中遇到困難時尋求合適的支持，可以與家人、朋友或同事交流，尋求理解和建議。

6.培養(yǎng)興趣愛好：利用休息時間培養(yǎng)自己的興趣愛好，放松心情，轉(zhuǎn)移注意力。

心理健康與工作壓力的關(guān)系研究

心理健康與工作壓力的關(guān)系研究工作是現(xiàn)代人生活中不可或缺的一部分，每個人都會面臨一定的工作壓力。

然而，這種壓力對心理健康會有什么影響呢？本文將探討心理健康與工作壓力之間的關(guān)系，并提供一些減輕工作壓力的方法。

一、心理健康的重要性心理健康是指一個人在心理上的穩(wěn)定與平衡。

擁有良好的心理健康對于個人的生活質(zhì)量至關(guān)重要。

它能夠影響個人的情緒、情緒反應(yīng)和行為舉止，進而對人際關(guān)系、工作效率及生活滿意度產(chǎn)生影響。

因此，我們需要關(guān)注自己的心理健康，并尋求適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞絹肀３制浞€(wěn)定。

二、工作壓力的定義與來源工作壓力是指來自工作環(huán)境和工作任務(wù)的心理壓力。

現(xiàn)代社會中，人們面臨的工作壓力越來越大。

工作壓力可能來源于以下幾個方面：高工作負荷、工作時間不確定性、工作環(huán)境不友好、缺乏控制權(quán)、沖突和競爭等。

這些因素可能對個人的心理健康產(chǎn)生負面影響。

三、心理健康與工作壓力的關(guān)系研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，工作壓力與心理健康之間存在密切關(guān)系。

過高的工作壓力可能導(dǎo)致心理健康問題，如焦慮、抑郁和工作壓力癥等。

長期處于高壓工作環(huán)境中的人，往往容易出現(xiàn)各種心理健康問題，甚至對身體健康也產(chǎn)生負面影響。

因此，我們需要認識到工作壓力對心理健康的影響，采取措施減輕工作壓力。

四、減輕工作壓力的方法1. 找到適合自己的工作與生活平衡。

合理安排工作時間，保證自己有足夠能量去應(yīng)對工作壓力。

2. 學(xué)會放松和自我調(diào)節(jié)。

可以通過體育運動、音樂、閱讀等方式，尋找自己的解壓方式，舒緩工作帶來的壓力。

3. 與他人進行交流。

與家人、朋友或同事交流，分享彼此的壓力和困擾，尋求幫助和支持。

4. 培養(yǎng)良好的職業(yè)素養(yǎng)。

通過學(xué)習(xí)和提升自己的職業(yè)能力，增強自信心和應(yīng)對壓力的能力。

5. 尋求專業(yè)幫助。

如果感到工作壓力超過自身承受能力，應(yīng)及時尋求心理咨詢師或醫(yī)生的幫助。

總結(jié)：心理健康與工作壓力密不可分，過高的工作壓力會對心理健康產(chǎn)生負面影響。

因此，我們需要關(guān)注并重視自己的心理健康，采取適當(dāng)?shù)姆椒▉頊p輕工作壓力。

心理健康與工作壓力的關(guān)聯(lián)研究報告

心理健康與工作壓力的關(guān)聯(lián)研究報告心理健康和工作壓力之間的相互關(guān)系一直備受研究者的關(guān)注。

隨著現(xiàn)代社會的不斷快速發(fā)展，工作壓力對個人心理健康的影響越來越受到重視。

本研究旨在探討心理健康與工作壓力之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，并提出一些適當(dāng)?shù)慕鉀Q方案來減輕工作壓力對心理健康的負面影響。

1. 引言在現(xiàn)代社會，職場競爭日益激烈，工作壓力不可避免。

工作壓力長期積累可能導(dǎo)致心理健康問題的出現(xiàn)，例如焦慮、抑郁和身心疲憊等。

因此，研究心理健康與工作壓力之間的關(guān)聯(lián)對于個人和組織來說具有重要意義。

2. 工作壓力對心理健康的影響2.1 心理健康問題的出現(xiàn)高度的工作壓力可能引發(fā)心理健康問題，例如焦慮和抑郁。

研究表明，與工作壓力相關(guān)的心理健康問題對個人的生活和工作產(chǎn)生負面影響。

2.2 身心疲憊長期面臨高強度的工作壓力可能導(dǎo)致身心疲憊，使人感到疲憊不堪、缺乏動力和精神狀態(tài)差。

這種疲勞狀態(tài)會對工作效率和個人生活造成負面影響。

2.3 心理健康與工作績效的關(guān)系工作壓力對心理健康的影響還可能間接影響到個人的工作績效。

心理健康問題會降低個人的工作滿意度和生產(chǎn)力，進而對整個組織的運營效率產(chǎn)生影響。

3. 如何減輕工作壓力對心理健康的影響3.1 尋求社會支持與家人、朋友和同事溝通交流可以幫助釋放工作壓力，從而緩解心理健康問題的出現(xiàn)。

建立良好的支持網(wǎng)絡(luò)對于個人的心理健康至關(guān)重要。

3.2 健康的生活方式通過良好的生活習(xí)慣，如規(guī)律的作息時間、健康飲食和適量的體育鍛煉，可以增強個人的心理韌性，更好地應(yīng)對工作壓力。

3.3 工作時間管理合理安排工作時間，避免過度加班和工作過度集中，可以降低工作壓力的程度，保護個人的心理健康。

3.4 健康的工作環(huán)境提供舒適、積極的工作環(huán)境可以減少工作壓力對個人心理健康的不良影響。

組織應(yīng)關(guān)注員工的工作環(huán)境和工作條件，提供支持和資源。

4. 結(jié)論本研究分析了心理健康與工作壓力之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，并提出了一些解決工作壓力對心理健康影響的途徑。

為了保護員工的心理健康，組織應(yīng)該重視工作壓力的管理，提供適宜的支持和資源，同時員工也應(yīng)該積極應(yīng)對工作壓力，尋求適當(dāng)?shù)膸椭椭С忠跃S護自身心理健康。

教師職業(yè)倦怠的現(xiàn)狀及其影響因素外文翻譯

教師職業(yè)倦怠的現(xiàn)狀及其影響因素外文翻譯外文翻譯：原文1Personality hardiness, job involvement and job burnout amongteachersBurnout syndrome occurs in response to prolonged stress at work place. Burnout is common among those who are unable to cope with extensive demands and pressure on their energy, time, and resources and those who require frequent contact with people. The term “burnout” originated during the 1960?s as a description of the effect of drug abuse on an individual (Golembiewski, 1993). However, it lacked definitional clarity until the development of a widely accepted instrument for its measurement, the Maslach burnout inventory.Maslach and Jackson (1981) defined burnout as a condition characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and loss of a sense of personal accomplishment. Similarly there has been diverse evidence from scholars on the occurrence of burnout. For example, Maslach and Leiter (1999) indicated that burnout occurs when work load is combined with lack of personal control, insufficient rewards, the absence of fairness, the breakdown of the working community, or conflicting values. Lee and Ashforth (1996) identified work load and time pressure as antecedents of burnout.Numerous work related factors have been found to be associated with burnout among teachers, including excessive time pressure, poor relationships with colleagues, large classes, lack of resources, fear of violence, behavioral problems of pupils,role ambiguity and role conflict, poor opportunities for promotion, lack of support, and lack of participation in decision-making (Abel and Sewell, 1999; Fimian and Blanton, 1987; Friedman, 1991; Wolpin et al., 1991).Researchers found that burnout negatively impacts employees? job attitudes and leads to undesirable behaviors, such as lower job involvement, reduced task performance, and increased turnover intentions (Jackson and Maslach, 1982; Leiter and Maslach, 1988; Motowidlo and Packard, 1986; Shirom, 1989; Wright and Bonett,1997; Wright and Cropanzano, 1998). This study intends to explore the relationship and effects of job involvement and personality hardiness on burnout.During the last few years, some personality variables have attracted the attention of researchers in correlation of job stress and burnout. Despite a common acknowledgement that personality factors play a critical role in mediating stress, these factors have been overlooked in majority of empirical studies on stress. A notable exception has been a series of studies carried out by Kobasa (1979; 1982a,). Kobasa et al. (1982) explored t he concept of “personality hardiness” as a resistance resource that mediates the negative consequences of high level stress.Concept of hardiness focuses on the person that remains relatively healthy after experiencing high amounts of stressful life events. Kobasa argues that persons who experience high degree of stress without falling ill have a personality structure differentiating them from a person who becomes sick under stress. This personality difference is best characterized by the term “hardiness”. Hardiness reflects the individual?s response to life events both personally and professionally (Kobasa, 1979). Three factors, commitment, control and challenge measurehardiness (Kobasa et al., 1982). Commitment reflects a dedication to oneself and to on e?s work. Control is the extent to which an individual influences life events to ensure a particular outcome. Challenge refers to life events and one?s response to those events. Individuals who are hardy cope with various stressors, both personal for example life cycle, family and professional for example occupational roles and relationships, are better than those individuals who are not hardy (Simoni and Paterson, 1997). Rush et al. (1995) found negative relations between hardiness and self-reported illness as a result of stress or burnout. Chan (2003) assessed hardiness and burnout among teachers and found that hardiness has significant impact on emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment. Crainie et al. (1987) found out that hardiness has beneficial major effects in reducing burnout but does not prevent high level of job stress from leading to high level of burnout. Maslach et al. (2001) found out that people who display low levels of hardiness (involvement in daily activities, a sense of control over events, and openness to change) have higher burnout scores, particularly on the exhaustion dimensions.Other conceptual way of describing job involvement is the “degre e to which a person is identified psychologically with his work” or “the importance of work in his total selfimage” (Lodahl and Kejner, 1965). Such a psychological identification with work may result partly from early socialization training during which the individual may internalize the value of goodness of work. Lodahl and Kejner (1965) emphasized that during the process of socialization, certain workvalues are injected into the individual that remains even at the later stage in the form of attitude toward job. Burnout mayhave negative effects on employees? job attitudes, for example a reduction in job involvement and job satisfaction (Kahill, 1988). Kahill (1988) in a longitudinal study found that burnout negatively affect job involvement. Elloy et al. (1991) demonstrated a negative relationship between burnout and job involvement. Su and Mioa (2006) affirmed the mediating effect of job involvement on emotional exhaustion, diminished personal accomplishment dimensions of burnout.…………Author：Syed Mohammad AzeemNationality：IranOriginate from：International Journal of V ocational and Technical Education V ol. 2(3), pp. 36-40, July 2010譯文1教師的人格抗壓性，工作積極性和職業(yè)倦怠的關(guān)系職業(yè)倦怠綜合癥發(fā)生在長期的工作壓力中。

外文翻譯原文The Relationship between Job Stress and Mental Health at Work Material Source:Industrial Health 1997, 35, 29-35 Author:Jun Shigemi, Yoshio Mino, Toshihide Tsuda, Akira Babazono and Hideyasu Aoyama Selyel defined stress as the state manifested by a specific syndrome which consists of all the nonspecifically induced changes within a biologic system. Using an experimental study, he proved that stress induces a common pathological change which he called "general adaptation syndrome." He did not specify the character of stress. Stress which was comfortable to the individual and essential for development and growth was called eustress, while stress which was unpleasant or harmful to the individual was called distress.Holmes and his collaborator weighted and scored stressful life events. They proved that severe health impairment is likely to occur if people have severe stressful life events and if the life events score exceeded 300 points in the previous year. Nevertheless, it was reported that there was only a weak relationship between the strength of stress and the incidence of psychiatric or somatic diseases. Knowing these facts, researchers attempted to identify other stress factors which affected psychiatric or somatic diseases.Lazarus and his collaborators reported that the daily hassles of living having continuous and chronic characteristics are a significant stress. These "daily hassles" appeared to be better predictors of health outcomes than life events. Recently, the causal relationship between job stress and psychiatric illness or cardiovascular disease was studied. The job-demand-control-support model suggests that psychological strain and subsequent somatic diseases resulted from the interaction of three types of job characteristics: job demand, job decision latitude, and work related social support. In Japan, causal relationship between job stress and mental health has been drawing the attention of researchers who are currently studying job stress. Therefore, the study of job stress is important to develop strategies for the prevention of stress related diseases and for health promotion. However, the relationship between job stress and problematic mental health state has not beenestablished in Japan. We hypothesized that adverse effects of subjective job stress on mental health state is great, and we estimated that some types of prevalence odds ratios between job stress and mental health would be more than two. The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between job stress and problematic mental health state quantitatively using prevalence odds ratios.A cross-sectional study was performed using a self-administered questionnaire given to the employees of an electric company in Okayama city, Japan. All subjects were workers producing minute electric parts. We selected this company because of its different work places, which allowed us to examine the characteristics of workers more precisely. Among 782 workers, 763 responded to the questionnaire satisfactorily. The response rate was 97.6%. The questionnaire consisted of demographic questions such as gender, age, marital status, and employment section as well as questions taken from the Japanese version of the 30-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) , and a questionnaire about subjective job stress developed by Uehata et al. We added questions about satisfaction with family life and physical health states.We used the 30 item Japanese version of the GHQ as a measure of the mental health state. A cut-off score of 718 points using GHQ method was considered reasonable in Kitamura's study on the validity of the 30-item GHQ. Therefore, we defined response showing a GHQ score of 8 points or more as representing individuals with problematic mental health states, and responses showing 7 points or less as representing individuals without any mental health problems.We treated the items of physical health status and satisfaction with family life as categorical data. We weighted two points on individuals who answered "very healthy" or "healthy," weighted one points on individuals who answered "ordinary" and weighted zero points on individuals who answered "not healthy so much" or "not healthy." We weighted two points on individuals whose answers were "dissatisfied very much" or "dissatisfied" and weighted one point on individuals whose responses indicated neither satisfied nor dissatisfied, and zero points on individuals whose answers were "very satisfied" or "satisfied." We employed a multiple logistic regression model controlling for potential confounding factors: gender, age, marital status, satisfaction with family life, and physical health state.In the logistic regression model, we used all items of subjective job stress in spite of the high value of the alpha coefficient, because we thought that the interrelationship between subjective job stress and problematic mental health stateshould be analyzed with respect to every item of subjective job stress. Adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals for the odds ratios of each level of subjective job stress to mental health state were calculated.Although we thought that sex was a potential confounding factor, sex was not a significant variable in the multiple logistic regression analysis. Crude data analysis between subjective job stress and GHQ score showed same tendency by each sex.In the correlation matrix coefficients of the logistic regression model, marital status showed a strong negative correlation (more than 0.5 in absolute value) to the subgroups with age range of 30-39 years and 40-49 years. Then, we excluded the variable regarding marital status from the multiple logistic regression model because of its multicollinearity.In our study, the proportion of individuals with problematic mental health state was 37.8% in the total subjects, 41.7% in males and 34.3% in females. Iwata reported on the prevalence of depressive symptoms in a Japanese tax office using the Japanese version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. He found that 15.2% of males and 10.6% of females had high levels of depressive symptoms. Our study measured problematic mental health states by use of the GHQ. We could detect the cases from the GHQ more than cases of depressive symptoms and then our concept of problematic mental health state was broader than Iwata's depressive symptoms. Therefore, our prevalence was higher than depressive symptom.This study investigated the relationship between subjective job stress and problematic mental health state. Therefore, we used multiple logistic regression to estimate quantitative measures of subjective job stress and problematic mental health state, adjusted by potential confounding factors of gender, age, satisfaction with family life and physical health state. Our results showed that the items related to subjective job stress because of "too much trouble at work," "too much responsibility," "poor relationship with superiors," "are not allowed to make mistakes" and "cannot keep up with new technology" were related to mental health state. Consequently, it is suggested that subjective job stress can be harmful to a worker's mental health state and cause "distress," which was caused by an injury from the nonspecific response of a living body to negative stimuli, according to Selye.We recognized that interpersonal conflict between the worker and his superiors might be an important risk factor for mental health in our cross-sectionalstudy. In the model of National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, this type of interpersonal conflict is involved in job stressors. Therefore, cooperative relationships with superiors and colleagues as job support might be important in maintaining healthy mental state. Our study suggests that "Cannot keep up with new technology" is another risk factor for mental health, especially in male workers. In Japanese industries such as electrical factories, workers are placed in highly automated circumstances. Therefore, work related to highly developed technology might be a source of job stress.Our quantitative estimation of job stress might have under or over-estimated the magnitude of job stress because job stress may be affected by familial stress. Therefore, we hypothesized multiplicative interaction between subjective job stress and feeling of dissatisfaction with family life, and analyzed the logistic regression using an interaction model. Adjusted odds ratio with interaction between subjective job stress and mental health showed the quantitative measure of multiplicative terms between job stress and familial stress and those interaction terms. But the positive multiplicative interaction model was not significant. From another point of view, there was a space to analyze the additive interaction model.The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between subjective job stress and mental health. From the result of the multiple logistic regression analysis controlling confounding factors, some kinds of subjective recognition of job stress were shown to possibly be related to problematic mental health state because of the more than double degrees of prevalence odds ratio. Accordingly, our prevalence odds ratios with values above double would have more than 50% of attributable proportion in the causal inference between subjective job stress and problematic mental health state. Therefore, further studies to clarify causal relationship between job stress and mental health are required to prove it.譯文工作中的工作壓力和心理健康之間的關(guān)系資料來源：產(chǎn)業(yè)健康，1997年，35期，29-35頁作者：Jun Shigemi, Yoshio Mino, Toshihide Tsuda, Akira Babazono and Hideyasu Aoyama 賽亞將壓力定義為一個特定的綜合征，包括引起生物體系內(nèi)的非特異性的變化。

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