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核設(shè)施環(huán)境影響人體健康評(píng)價(jià)初步探討

來源：泰然健康網(wǎng) 時(shí)間：2024年12月01日 21:41

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王猛, 潘偉, 顧志杰

Preliminary Study on Human Health and Environmental Effect Assessment of Nuclear Facilities

WANG Meng, PAN Wei, GU Zhi-jie

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摘要

目的目前我國(guó)尚無核設(shè)施環(huán)境影響人體健康評(píng)價(jià)方面的技術(shù)導(dǎo)則和相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。本文對(duì)核設(shè)施環(huán)境影響人體健康評(píng)價(jià)體系進(jìn)行初步探討,搭建初步研究框架。方法根據(jù)核設(shè)施相關(guān)環(huán)境影響報(bào)告書的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)格式與內(nèi)容,參照國(guó)家環(huán)保部發(fā)布的非核設(shè)施環(huán)境影響人體健康評(píng)價(jià)的技術(shù)導(dǎo)則征求意見稿,應(yīng)用人類輻射危害評(píng)價(jià)的相關(guān)內(nèi)容及方法構(gòu)建評(píng)價(jià)體系。結(jié)果根據(jù)建立的評(píng)價(jià)工作程序和評(píng)價(jià)基本內(nèi)容開展評(píng)價(jià)工作,采用健康危險(xiǎn)度評(píng)價(jià)方法,根據(jù)我國(guó)核設(shè)施和人群結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),選擇適合我國(guó)核設(shè)施環(huán)境影響人體健康的評(píng)價(jià)模型及參數(shù),確定輻射危險(xiǎn)系數(shù),最后計(jì)算人體不同部位致癌的危害概率和全身的危害概率水平。根據(jù)健康危險(xiǎn)度的評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果,制定針對(duì)周圍環(huán)境人群的減緩措施。結(jié)論進(jìn)行核設(shè)施環(huán)境影響人體健康評(píng)價(jià),對(duì)我國(guó)核設(shè)施決策、管理及公眾可接受度方面具有重要意義。

Abstract

Objective At present, there is no technical guildance and elated standard about the effect of nuclear facility environment on human health. In the paper,the evaluation system of the effect of the environment of nuclear facilities on human health was discussed to formulate a preminary research framework. Methods According to the standard format and human health evaluation technical guildance related with the impact of nuclear facility environment,referring to theconsultation paper of the technical guidance of environmental impact of non-nuclear facilities on human health issued by the Ministry of environment protection,the evaluation system was formulated by applying the related content and method of huaman radiation hazard. Results Evaluation was carried out according to the formed evaluation procedure and the health risk evaluation contents. Radiation risk coefficient was determined by the nuclear facilities and population situation,and the evaluation model and parameters. Carcinogenic damage probability of the different body parts was finally calculated by the health evaluation. Mitigation measures was made by the health evaluation results. Conclusion It is of great signicance to carry out human health risk evaluation in decision-making,management and public acceptance of nuclear facilities.

關(guān)鍵詞

核設(shè)施 /人體健康評(píng)價(jià) /危險(xiǎn)度{{custom_keyword}} /

Key words

Nuclear Facilities /Human Health Evaluation /Risk Factor{{custom_keyword}} /

王猛, 潘偉, 顧志杰.核設(shè)施環(huán)境影響人體健康評(píng)價(jià)初步探討[J]. 中國(guó)輻射衛(wèi)生, 2015, 24(1): 52-55,58 https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.01.021

WANG Meng, PAN Wei, GU Zhi-jie.Preliminary Study on Human Health and Environmental Effect Assessment of Nuclear Facilities[J]. Chinese Journal of Radiological Health, 2015, 24(1): 52-55,58 https://doi.org/10.13491/j.cnki.issn.1004-714x.2015.01.021

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