所有作者均聲明不存在利益沖突志謝上海智眾醫(yī)療科技有限公司參考文獻(xiàn)

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附錄110.3760/cma.j.cn311282-20230216-00072.T008本指南中常見(jiàn)英文縮略詞及釋義ABI踝肱指數(shù)(ankle brachial index)ACEI血管緊張素轉(zhuǎn)化酶抑制劑(angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors)ACS急性冠脈綜合征(acute coronary syndromes)AHA美國(guó)心臟協(xié)會(huì)(American Heart Association)AI人工智能(artificial intelligence)API空氣污染指數(shù)(air pollution index)APP應(yīng)用程序(application)ARB血管緊張素Ⅱ受體拮抗劑(angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blocker)ASCVD動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化性心血管疾病(atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease)AUC曲線下面積(area under curve)BMI體重指數(shù)(body mass index)CCB鈣通道阻滯劑(calcium channel blockers)CDFR中國(guó)糖尿病骨折風(fēng)險(xiǎn)模型(Chinese diabetes fracture risk)CHF充血性心力衰竭(congestive heart failure)CKD慢性腎臟病(chronic kidney diseases)DASH終止高血壓膳食療法(dietary approaches to stop hypertension)DL深度學(xué)習(xí)(deep learning)DPP糖尿病預(yù)防計(jì)劃(Diabetes Prevention Program)DPP-4二肽基肽酶-Ⅳ(dipeptidyl peptidase-Ⅳ)DR糖尿病性視網(wǎng)膜病變(diabetic retinopathy)ECG心電圖(electrocardiogram)eGFR估算的腎小球?yàn)V過(guò)率(estimated glomerular filtration rate)FRAX骨折風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估工具(fracture risk assessment tool)FDC固定復(fù)方制劑(fixed dose combination)GDM妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes)GKA葡萄糖激酶激活劑(glucokinase activator)GLP-1胰升糖素樣肽1(glucagon-like peptide-1)1C糖化血紅蛋白(glycated hemoglobin A1C)HDL-C高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(high density lipoprotein-cholesterol)ICVHMs理想的心血管健康量值(ideal cardiovascular health metrics)LDL-C低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(low density lipoprotein-cholesterol)LEAD下肢動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化病變(lower-extremity atherosclerotic disease)MARCH中國(guó)人群二甲雙胍和阿卡波糖初始降糖治療研究(Metformin and AcaRbose in Chinese as the initial Hypoglycemic treatment)MeRIAmetaMMC國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化代謝性疾病管理中心(National Metabolic Management Center)MOF主要骨質(zhì)疏松性骨折(major osteoporotic fracture)NLP自然語(yǔ)言處理(natural language processing)OGTT口服葡萄糖耐量試驗(yàn)(oral glucose tolerance test)PCSK9前蛋白轉(zhuǎn)化酶枯草溶菌素9(recombinant proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9)SGLT2鈉-葡萄糖共轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)蛋白2(sodium-glucose cotransporter 2)SOP標(biāo)準(zhǔn)操作規(guī)程(standard operation procedure)SPREAD降糖藥的預(yù)后及療效研究(The Study on the Prognosis and Effect of Antidiabetic Drugs)STOP-NIDDM非胰島素依賴型糖尿病預(yù)防研究(the Study TO Prevent Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus)TIA短暫性腦缺血發(fā)作(temporary ischemic attack)TG三酰甘油(triglyceride)TZD噻唑烷二酮類(thiazolidinedione)UACR尿白蛋白/肌酐比值(urinary albumin/creatinine ratio)UKPDS英國(guó)前瞻性糖尿病研究(UK Prospective Diabetes Study)VEGF血管內(nèi)皮生長(zhǎng)因子(vascular endothelial growth factor)VTDR威脅視力的糖尿病性視網(wǎng)膜病變(vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy)WHO世界衛(wèi)生組織(World Health Organization)附錄210.3760/cma.j.cn311282-20230216-00072.T00995類別常用降壓藥物示例主要不良反應(yīng)ACEI卡托普利，依那普利，西拉普利，福辛普利，培哚普利，雷米普利，賴諾普利，貝那普利，咪噠普利咳嗽，血鉀升高，血管神經(jīng)性水腫ARB氯沙坦，纈沙坦，厄貝沙坦，坎地沙坦，替米沙坦，奧美沙坦，依普沙坦血鉀升高，血管性神經(jīng)水腫(罕見(jiàn))CCB??二氫吡啶類硝苯地平，硝苯地平緩釋片，硝苯地平控釋片，苯磺酸氨氯地平，非洛地平，拉西地平，佩爾地平，尼群地平，尼莫地平，樂(lè)卡地平踝部水腫，頭痛，潮紅非二氫吡啶類地爾硫卓緩釋片，維拉帕米緩釋片房室傳導(dǎo)阻滯，心功能抑制噻嗪類利尿劑氯噻酮，氫氯噻嗪，吲噠帕胺，吲噠帕胺緩釋片血鉀降低，血鈉降低，血尿酸升高襻利尿劑呋塞米血鉀減低保鉀利尿劑阿米洛利，氨苯蝶啶血鉀增高β受體阻滯劑美托洛爾緩釋劑，比索洛爾，阿替洛爾，普萘洛爾支氣管痙攣，心功能抑制注：ACEI：血管緊張素轉(zhuǎn)化酶抑制劑；ARB：血管緊張素Ⅱ受體拮抗劑；CCB：鈣通道阻滯劑附錄310.3760/cma.j.cn311282-20230216-00072.T01096降膽固醇強(qiáng)度常用藥物及劑量示例主要不良反應(yīng)高強(qiáng)度(每日劑量可降低LDL-C≥50%)a絕大多數(shù)人對(duì)他汀的耐受性良好，其不良反應(yīng)多見(jiàn)于接受大劑量他汀治療者。主要不良反應(yīng)包括頭痛、失眠、抑郁、腹瀉、腹痛、惡心、消化不良、肝酶升高、肌病中等強(qiáng)度(每日劑量可降低LDL-C 25%~50%)a附錄410.3760/cma.j.cn311282-20230216-00072.T01197類別常用藥物示例主要不良反應(yīng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)神經(jīng)藥物甲鈷胺無(wú)明顯不良反應(yīng)抗氧化應(yīng)激藥物硫辛酸無(wú)明顯不良反應(yīng)抑制醛糖還原酶活性藥物依帕司他長(zhǎng)期耐受性較好，不良反應(yīng)較少改善微循環(huán)藥物前列腺素E1，貝前列腺素鈉胃腸道反應(yīng)，靜脈制劑主要是靜脈炎

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