摘要： 環(huán)境污染與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長對居民的公共健康水平有重要影響,但基于面板數(shù)據(jù)對此問題分區(qū)域的研究較少。本文在Grossman健康生產(chǎn)函數(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上加入環(huán)境污染等多重因素,使用中國30個省市區(qū)1997年到2010年的面板數(shù)據(jù),建立個體固定效應(yīng)模型,將我國劃分為東部、中部和西部三個區(qū)域,實(shí)證分析了環(huán)境污染、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長與醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)對不同區(qū)域居民公共健康的影響及其差異。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):環(huán)境污染、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)與居民公共健康存在長期均衡的協(xié)整關(guān)系,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長與全國、東部和中部的公共健康關(guān)系呈現(xiàn)倒U型的特征;具體而言:東部區(qū)域,曲線已達(dá)到拐點(diǎn),中部區(qū)域,當(dāng)人均GDP為3311元時,曲線達(dá)到拐點(diǎn);全國以及東、中、西部區(qū)域,工業(yè)煙塵排放量與人口死亡率呈正向關(guān)關(guān)系,工業(yè)二氧化硫排放量與人口死亡率只在中部地區(qū)顯著正相關(guān);全國、東部和中部區(qū)域人均醫(yī)生數(shù)與人口死亡率呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),西部地區(qū)未呈現(xiàn)這一特性;人均醫(yī)療保健支出與人口死亡率在中部地區(qū)顯著負(fù)相關(guān),醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)可有效減少環(huán)境污染對居民的健康威脅。因此,制定差別化的環(huán)境污染、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長與醫(yī)療服務(wù)政策等有利于提升全國以及東中西部居民的公共健康水平。

關(guān)鍵詞: 環(huán)境污染, 經(jīng)濟(jì)增長, 醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生, 公共健康

Abstract: Environmental pollution and economic growth have great impacts on public health, but the dynamic relationship analysis among them based on different areas' panel data is missing in existing literatures. Based on Grossman's health production function, environmental pollution factors are added to study the effects of environmental pollution, economic growth and healthcare service on public health. Using the panel data of 30 provinces in China from year 1997 to 2010, the entity fixed effects model is established and the difference among east area, middle area and west area in China is analyzed. The results show that there is a long equilibrium cointegration relationship between environmental pollution, economic growth, healthcare services and public health, and an inverted U curve is presented between economic growth and public health in the east, middle and overall China significantly. Specifically the curve has met its knee point in the east, and will meet its knee point if per GDP is 3311 Yuan in the middle. Industrial soot emissions has significant positive effect on human mortality in each areas of China, but industrial so2 emissions only has significant effect on human mortality in the middle area. At the same time, correlation between the doctor per person and human mortality is significantly negative, while it does not occur in the west area. And healthcare services spending per capita is significantly negative on human mortality in the middle area. The medical services can effectively reduce health threats to the public. Therefore, formulating differential policies of environmental pollution, economic growth and healthcare services and so on are beneficial to improve the level of public health of overall China, eastern region and midwest.

Key words: environmental pollution, economic growth, healthcare services, public health

中圖分類號: 

F205

F062.2

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網(wǎng)址: 環(huán)境污染、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長與醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)對公共健康的影響分析——基于中國省際面板數(shù)據(jù)的研究 http://www.u1s5d6.cn/newsview153871.html