摘要： 茶葉生物化學(xué)是研究茶樹(shù)生命化學(xué)的科學(xué),主要在生物化學(xué)與分子水平上探討茶樹(shù)特別是新梢中特征性次級(jí)代謝產(chǎn)物的合成途徑、結(jié)構(gòu)與功能,以及在茶葉加工及貯藏過(guò)程中的轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律,與茶葉品質(zhì)形成的關(guān)系。近年來(lái),茶葉生物化學(xué)主要側(cè)重在與茶葉品質(zhì)和健康功效密切相關(guān)的兒茶素、咖啡堿、茶氨酸、萜烯類香氣物質(zhì)等合成途徑的研究,并在茶樹(shù)基因組、特異性茶樹(shù)種質(zhì)資源代謝組、茶葉加工過(guò)程代謝譜、茶葉品質(zhì)化學(xué)等領(lǐng)域開(kāi)展了深入研究,取得了一些突破性進(jìn)展。茶葉生物化學(xué)作為茶葉科學(xué)的基礎(chǔ),其研究成果為茶樹(shù)栽培和育種、茶葉加工和深加工、茶葉貿(mào)易和茶文化提供了理論依據(jù)和方法手段。隨著行業(yè)和科技的發(fā)展,茶葉生物化學(xué)研究的深入和拓展,在茶產(chǎn)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展中發(fā)揮著愈來(lái)愈重要的作用。

關(guān)鍵詞: 茶葉生物化學(xué), 次級(jí)代謝, 基因組, 代謝譜, 加工化學(xué), 品質(zhì)化學(xué)

Abstract: Tea biochemistry is a subject of life science on Camellia Sinensis. It mainly focus on characteristic secondary metabolites of tea plants, especially those in the fresh tea shoots using biochemical and molecular techniques as research tools. Those metabolites include catechins, caffeine, theanine and volatile terpenes, which contribute greatly to tea quality and healthy effects. The major research fields of tea biochemistry involve the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in tea plants, their transformation during tea processing and their effects on final tea quality and healthy function. Recently, there have several breakthroughs in the metabolites biosynthesis pathway, tea genome, specific tea germplasm metabolome, the processing metabolome, as well as the chemistry of tea quality. Since tea biochemistry is the fundamental in tea science, its achievements provide the theoretical basis and method approaches to tea cultivation and breeding, tea primary and further processing, tea trading and tea culture. With the development of tea industry and life science & technology, it is believed that the advancement of tea biochemistry will push forward tea industry to a high level at the sustainable development.

Key words: tea biochemistry, secondary metabolism, genome, metabolome, processing chemistry, quality chemistry

中圖分類號(hào): 

S571.1

Q946.8

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