摘要： 在百年未有之大變局下,心理健康問題需要從多維的系統(tǒng)角度重新詮釋。就心理健康問題的性質(zhì)而言,要反對診斷主義、還原主義、教育萬能論等“本本主義”傾向;就心理健康問題的特點而言,它是一個連續(xù)性與階段性統(tǒng)一的發(fā)展系統(tǒng);就心理健康問題的影響因素而言,它是人與環(huán)境相互作用的一個生態(tài)系統(tǒng);就心理健康問題的作用機制而言,它是一個集文化潮流、時代變遷等社會心理因素疊加的復雜系統(tǒng)。因此,心理健康教育不能“就事論事”,心理健康問題更不能“頭痛醫(yī)頭,腳痛醫(yī)腳”,它應該是一個有章可循的系統(tǒng)工程,需要創(chuàng)新系統(tǒng)思維,以學校教育、衛(wèi)生健康、社會建設三個領域為橫坐標,以個體、人際、群體、社會和環(huán)境五個維度為縱坐標,縱橫交錯、抓住結(jié)點,“綜合治理、網(wǎng)格化治理”。

關鍵詞: 心理健康問題, 系統(tǒng)視角, 本本主義, 生態(tài)系統(tǒng), 綜合治理

Abstract: Under the greatest changes unseen in a century,mental health problems need to be reinterpreted from a multi-dimensional system perspective. In terms of the nature of mental health problems,it is necessary to oppose “dogmatism” tendencies such as diagnosticism,reductionism,and educational omnipotence. In terms of the characteristics of mental health problems,it is a development system that unifies continuity and phases. In terms of the influencing factors of mental health problems,it is an ecosystem of interactions between human beings and the environment. As far as the mechanism of mental health problems is concerned,it is a complex system that integrates cultural trends,changes of the times and other socio-psychological factors. Therefore,mental health education should neither be “taking the matter on its merits” nor “treating the symptoms rather than getting to the root of the problem”. It should be a rule-based system engineering that involves innovative system-thinking. We should take the three dimensions of school education,health care and social construction as abscissa,take the five dimensions of individuals,interpersonal relationships,groups,society and environment as ordinate,and crisscross these coordinates and form “system governance and grid governance”.

Key words: mental health problems, a systematic perspective, dogmatism, ecosystem, system governance

中圖分類號: 

B849

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