摘要： ［目的/意義］旨在探索大學(xué)生在完成不同認(rèn)知層次的健康信息搜索任務(wù)時是否具有獨特的搜索特征和學(xué)習(xí)效果。［研究設(shè)計/方法］采用實驗法和問卷調(diào)查法收集了65名被試完成六類不同認(rèn)知層次的健康信息搜索任務(wù)的搜索行為和學(xué)習(xí)效果數(shù)據(jù)，并綜合利用配對樣本t檢驗、單因素方差分析和多元線性回歸法對數(shù)據(jù)進行分析。［結(jié)論/發(fā)現(xiàn)］ 用戶在完成搜索任務(wù)時，其搜索時間、搜索策略、目標(biāo)網(wǎng)頁操作和搜索引擎結(jié)果頁面點擊次數(shù)等搜索特征在六類任務(wù)間體現(xiàn)出一定的顯著差異；在用戶搜索的學(xué)習(xí)效果測量方面，用戶主題熟悉度變化指標(biāo)可以有效地揭示用戶在搜索過程中發(fā)生的學(xué)習(xí)行為，而用戶感知學(xué)習(xí)效果指標(biāo)無法有效地區(qū)分不同認(rèn)知水平搜索任務(wù)間的學(xué)習(xí)效果。［創(chuàng)新/價值］首次嘗試從搜索即學(xué)習(xí)（SAL）理念出發(fā)，引入了認(rèn)知分類理論探索大學(xué)生健康信息搜索行為的特征及其學(xué)習(xí)效果的測量。該研究可為交互式信息檢索領(lǐng)域設(shè)計不同復(fù)雜度的檢索任務(wù)以及測量學(xué)習(xí)效果指標(biāo)的選取提供理論支持。

關(guān)鍵詞: 學(xué)習(xí)效果, 搜索行為, 認(rèn)知學(xué)習(xí)理論, 網(wǎng)絡(luò)健康信息, 大學(xué)生, 搜索即學(xué)習(xí)（SAL）

Abstract: ［Purpose/Significance］This study aims to explore whether college students have unique search characteristics and learning outcome when they perform the tasks of health information search at different cognitive levels.［Design/Methodology］Methods of experiment and questionnaire survey were used to collect the data of participants' (n=65) search behavior and their learning outcome, which were elicited when they executed health information search tasks of six different cognitive levels. Paired sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data.［Findings/Conclusion］The results indicate that when users conduct the tasks, their search time, search strategy, operation on target page and click on the result page of search engine differ in the six types of tasks. Besides, in the learning outcome measurement of user search, the variable indicator of users’ familiarity with topics could reveal their learning behavior in an effective way. However, the indicator of user-perceived learning outcome was unable to distinguish the learning outcome of various search tasks at different cognitive levels.

［Originality/Value］This study is an innovative study which attempts to explore the characteristics of college students' health information search behavior and the measurement of their learning outcome by introducing the cognitive taxonomy theory from the perspective of searching as learning (SAL). The findings can provide theoretical foundations for retrieval task design of different complexity and indicator selection of learning outcome measurement in the field of interactive information retrieval in the future.

Keywords: Learning outcome, Search behavior, Cognitive learning theory, Online health information, College students, Searching as learning

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